Choquequirao: From the Cradle of Gold to the New York Times

Choquequirao is an archaeological site located in the Andean mountains of Peru, situated in the Cusco region. Often referred to as the “sister city” of Machu Picchu due to its similarities in architecture and function, Choquequirao is a significant Incan site that has garnered increased attention from tourists and archaeologists alike.

Here’s a comprehensive overview of Choquequirao:

Historical Significance:

1. Incan Civilization: Choquequirao was built by the Inca civilization, likely during the reign of Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui in the 15th century. It served as an administrative and religious center in the region.
2. Purpose: Like Machu Picchu, Choquequirao is believed to have been a royal estate, possibly serving as a retreat for Incan rulers or as a religious center. Some historians suggest it might have also functioned as a checkpoint along the Inca road system.

Location and Geography:

1. Geographical Location: Choquequirao is located in the Vilcabamba mountain range, perched on a ridge above the Apurimac River canyon in the Andes Mountains. It sits at an altitude of approximately 3,050 meters (10,010 feet) above sea level.
2. Isolation: The site’s remote location contributed to its relative obscurity and preservation until recent times. Access to Choquequirao typically involves a multi-day hike, as it is not easily reachable by road.

Architecture and Layout:

1. Terraced Complex: Choquequirao features extensive terraces, plazas, and residential areas spread across several levels of the mountain ridge. These terraces were likely used for agricultural purposes, given their design and orientation.
2. Structures: The site contains several well-preserved stone structures, including temples, ceremonial platforms, residential buildings, and water channels. Notable features include a series of agricultural terraces, a central plaza, and a ceremonial platform known as the “Usnu.”
3. Sacred Elements: Like other Incan sites, Choquequirao incorporates elements of religious significance, such as ritual fountains and ceremonial platforms. These features suggest that the site had both practical and spiritual functions.

Discovery and Exploration:

1. Rediscovery: Choquequirao remained largely unknown to the outside world until the late 19th century when it was rediscovered by explorers. However, due to its remote location and difficult terrain, the site remained relatively inaccessible for many years.
2. Archaeological Excavations: Systematic archaeological research and excavation at Choquequirao began in the 20th century, shedding light on its history, architecture, and significance within the Inca Empire. Excavations have uncovered artifacts and structures that provide insights into Incan life and culture.

Tourism and Accessibility:

1. Tourist Destination: In recent years, Choquequirao has gained popularity as an alternative trekking destination to Machu Picchu. Although not as well-known or frequently visited as Machu Picchu, it offers a similar sense of adventure and archaeological intrigue.
2. Trekking Routes: There are several trekking routes to Choquequirao, varying in length and difficulty. The most common route is a multi-day trek starting from Cachora, a small town in the Apurimac Valley, and culminating at the archaeological site.
3. Challenges: While Choquequirao’s remote location and rugged terrain contribute to its allure, they also present challenges for visitors, including the need for proper preparation, physical fitness, and acclimatization to high altitudes.

Preservation Efforts:

1. Conservation: Efforts to preserve and protect Choquequirao have increased in recent years due to growing tourist interest and the need to safeguard the site’s cultural heritage. Conservation projects aim to mitigate environmental damage and ensure the site remains accessible for future generations.
2. UNESCO World Heritage: While Choquequirao is not currently designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site, there have been calls for its inclusion due to its cultural and historical significance. Such recognition could further bolster conservation efforts and promote sustainable tourism.

WHAT IS THE BEST TIME TO VISIT CHOQUEQUIRAO?

After delineating each of the seasons in Choquequirao Cusco throughout the year, it becomes evident that the optimal period for embarking on the Choquequirao Trek is during the dry season. Therefore, if you’re contemplating this journey, we highly advise scheduling your expedition between April and October.

Opting for this season is advisable due to the significantly reduced rainfall compared to the wet season. Moreover, the temperature during this time is conducive to hiking. Nonetheless, it’s essential to acknowledge the drawbacks associated with this season, which we will outline below.

In summary, Choquequirao is a remarkable archaeological site in Peru, offering a glimpse into the rich history and architectural achievements of the Inca civilization. With its remote location, stunning scenery, and well-preserved ruins, it continues to captivate adventurers and historians alike, earning its place as one of South America’s most intriguing destinations.